Since 1989, the countries of Central and Eastern Europe have been transforming – politically, economically and socially – into democratic, market-oriented nations. This is a unique process. With the collapse of the centrally-planned communist regimes that tried to control all areas of social life, an opportunity arose for a transition towards democratic structures, legal principles and a social market economy. This process varies greatly from one country to another, in its speed, its direction and the form it takes. This diversity is in part the result of differences between countries and the degree to which they had prior experience with more democratic and decentralised structures.

This transformation cannot succeed if it is imposed from outside. Instead, the societies in transition must bear primary responsibility for the process. It will require not only governmental, legislative and other institutional adaptations, but also changes in mentality and culture, which by their very nature will take time. This is a process to which the Netherlands can contribute, especially by supporting the necessary conditions for successful reform.